Every EU country has its own pension system for self-employed workers. Legal age, contribution rates, pension bodies: compare everything at a glance.
The European Union does not have a unified pension system. Each member state manages its own scheme, built around three pillars: the mandatory state pension (1st pillar), supplementary occupational schemes (2nd pillar) and individual retirement savings (3rd pillar). For the self-employed, obligations and coverage levels vary significantly from country to country.
Basic scheme managed by the state, funded by mandatory social contributions. Covers all workers, including the self-employed.
Collective supplements linked to professional activity. Often optional for the self-employed, mandatory in some countries for employees.
Individual retirement savings plans, often with tax advantages. Essential for the self-employed wishing to top up their pension.
| Country | Legal age | Contribution | Pension body | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🇫🇷France | 64 | ~25% | CNAV + SSI/CIPAV | View details→ |
| 🇩🇪Germany | 67 | 18,6% | Deutsche Rentenversicherung | View details→ |
| 🇪🇸Spain | 67 | ~30% | RETA (Seg. Social) | View details→ |
| 🇮🇹Italy | 67 | ~26% | INPS Gestione Separata | View details→ |
| 🇳🇱Netherlands | 67 | AOW flat | SVB (AOW) | View details→ |
| 🇵🇱Poland | 60/65 | ~19,5% | ZUS | View details→ |
| 🇧🇪Belgium | 66 | ~20,5% | INASTI/RSVZ | View details→ |
| 🇵🇹Portugal | 66+4m | ~21,4% | Seg. Social | View details→ |
| 🇷🇴Romania | 63/65 | ~25% | CNPP | View details→ |
| 🇧🇬Bulgaria | 64/67 | ~19,8% | NOI | View details→ |
| 🇨🇿Czechia | 65 | ~29,2% | ČSSZ | View details→ |
| 🇩🇰Denmark | 67 | ATP flat | ATP + Udbetaling | View details→ |
| 🇬🇷Greece | 67 | ~20% | EFKA | View details→ |
| 🇪🇪Estonia | 65 | ~20% | Sotsiaalkindlustusamet | View details→ |
| 🇫🇮Finland | 65 | ~24% | YEL (ETK) | View details→ |
| 🇮🇪Ireland | 66 | ~4% PRSI | DSP | View details→ |
| 🇭🇷Croatia | 65 | ~20% | HZMO | View details→ |
| 🇭🇺Hungary | 65 | ~18,5% | MÁK | View details→ |
| 🇱🇹Lithuania | 64+ | ~19,5% | Sodra | View details→ |
| 🇱🇻Latvia | 65 | ~24,09% | VSAA | View details→ |
| 🇲🇹Malta | 65 | ~15% | DSS | View details→ |
| 🇦🇹Austria | 65 | ~18,5% | SVS | View details→ |
| 🇸🇰Slovakia | 64 | ~18,6% | Sociálna poisťovňa | View details→ |
| 🇸🇮Slovenia | 65 | ~24,35% | ZPIZ | View details→ |
| 🇸🇪Sweden | 66 | ~28,97% | Pensionsmyndigheten | View details→ |
| 🇱🇺Luxembourg | 65 | ~16% | CNAP | View details→ |
| 🇨🇾Cyprus | 65 | ~15,6% | Social Insurance | View details→ |
Legal age: 64 · Contribution: ~25%
View details→Legal age: 67 · Contribution: 18,6%
View details→Legal age: 67 · Contribution: ~30%
View details→Legal age: 67 · Contribution: ~26%
View details→Legal age: 67 · Contribution: AOW flat
View details→Legal age: 60/65 · Contribution: ~19,5%
View details→Legal age: 66 · Contribution: ~20,5%
View details→Legal age: 66+4m · Contribution: ~21,4%
View details→Legal age: 63/65 · Contribution: ~25%
View details→Legal age: 64/67 · Contribution: ~19,8%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~29,2%
View details→Legal age: 67 · Contribution: ATP flat
View details→Legal age: 67 · Contribution: ~20%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~20%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~24%
View details→Legal age: 66 · Contribution: ~4% PRSI
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~20%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~18,5%
View details→Legal age: 64+ · Contribution: ~19,5%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~24,09%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~15%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~18,5%
View details→Legal age: 64 · Contribution: ~18,6%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~24,35%
View details→Legal age: 66 · Contribution: ~28,97%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~16%
View details→Legal age: 65 · Contribution: ~15,6%
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